Our main law serves as a solid legal foundation for the establishment of a democratic state of law and a strong civil society, the establishment of free market relations and the rule of law based on the predominance of private property, ensuring the peaceful, prosperous life of our people, raising the prestige of Uzbekistan in the international arena.
The goals and objectives of our country, its model, the international human rights and the rule of law, and the principles of democracy are reflected in it.
When it comes to the peculiarities of our Constitution, it states that human rights, its life, freedom, honor, dignity and other inalienable rights are the highest values, and the constitutional treasures of the world – equality, it should be noted that the ideology and the ideas, the division of powers, the rights and freedoms of citizens without deprivation of the court decision, and the presumption of innocence have been strengthened.
Another important feature recognized by international experts is the fact that the Constitution is called «the people of Uzbekistan». We do not see such phrases in any other document. And this is a clear sign of the people’s power. Our Basic Law also lists sovereign sovereignty. In particular, the words «democracy» and «democratic» 7, «people» are used 24 times.
Such peculiarities of our constitution are attracted by international experts. For example, the book of constitutional law experts M. Stephen Fish and M. Kroen, entitled «National Guidelines for National Legislation: Global Research» published at Cambridge University, reviews 32 parliaments’ assessments of parliamentary oversight of 190 parliaments. According to him, the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan has the same result as 0.33 with Norway, Switzerland, Hungary and Slovakia. The Netherlands, with a parliamentary seat in Germany, ranks 0.29, France, Italy, and Greece – 0.24.
In a study titled «Strength of National Constitutions», published by researchers Elkins, Ginzburg and Melton, an analysis of world constitution examined 190 constitutional documents on the coverage of 70 key themes. As a result, the Basic Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan showed 0.59 in a row with Belgium and Croatia, whereas the US Constitution was 0.49 and the UK’s constitutional documents received a score of 0.43.
Another feature of our constitution is its compactness. If we look at the amount of words used in world constitution, the constitution of the country is in 29th place among 190 countries. It is reported that Monaco, Iceland, Latvia and Japan are the countries with the least commonly used constitution or constitutional document, with India, Brazil and Malaysia.
Researchers argue that the coverage of many issues in the Constitution, first of all, makes it difficult for students to understand and comprehend the meaning, and in other words, the inclusion of issues that are the subject of simple laws reduces its importance, and most importantly, the adoption of this law will in some cases hinder the implementation of socio-economic and socio-political reforms and will lead to a frequent change of the constitution.
Our Basic Law also acknowledges that the subjects are placed in a convenient, easy-to-read topic. Especially the international experts highly appreciate the basic rights, freedoms, and responsibilities of individuals and citizens. Researchers have estimated that a total of 117 human rights cases were covered in world constitution, and many of them were analyzed in 190 constitutions, including the French constitution of 13, the United States Constitution of the United States of America, the United States Constitution, 44, and 48 in Germany and Japan, we have identified 55 types of rights. There is no document covering all 117 of the 190 states.
The stability of our constitution is another important aspect. Over the past 25 years, the Basic Principles of the Basic Law, the fundamental rights, freedoms and duties of citizens, the relationships between the society and the individual, the administrative-territorial and state structure have not changed. There are 10 amendments and additions to it, almost all of which relate to the establishment of state power. It is also an amendment to the constitutional principle of strengthening the rule of law, the direct and indirect influence of citizens in the establishment and functioning of the state power, enhancing the role of the parliament in domestic and foreign policy, and the strengthening of justice in the protection of human rights and freedoms.
The main points of the constitution of the world are the fact that the Basic Law is embodied in it. It should be noted that in the study of the potential and capacities of the Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan we have a lot of tasks before the lawyers.
Many studies have been carried out in the legal field during the years of independence. Our people, the law-makers, have the right to use the law of the constitution to create «a humanist democratic rule of law», «popular power», «division of powers», «democracy», «democratic republic», «social justice» its human rights, its life, freedom, honor, dignity and other inalienable rights are of the utmost importance, «the state must respect the human and civil rights and freedoms of an individual, the interests of social justice and the rule of law implement the principles of fair working conditions such as the concepts of meaning waiting to reveal the nature of scientific research. At the same time, it is also a requirement of today to develop scientifically valid benchmarking criteria, indicators, and effective legal instruments for introducing these guidelines into our lives to study the effectiveness of their application to our legislation and law enforcement practice.
